The impact of air pollution on respiratory health in Ede North Local Government Area, Osun State
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Background of the Study
Air pollution has become a pressing public health concern globally, with its impact particularly evident in regions like Ede North Local Government Area. Rapid urbanization, increased vehicular emissions, and industrial activities have contributed to elevated concentrations of airborne pollutants, leading to a significant rise in respiratory illnesses among residents (Nwankwo, 2023). In Ede North, both particulate matter and gaseous pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide are frequently recorded at levels above international safety thresholds (Chukwu, 2024). The interplay between air quality and respiratory health is complex, involving environmental, socio-economic, and infrastructural factors. Recent studies have underscored the correlation between prolonged exposure to polluted air and the incidence of asthma, bronchitis, and other chronic respiratory conditions (Uche, 2025). This research explores the magnitude of air pollution and its direct impact on the respiratory health of the local populace. It further investigates the effectiveness of current pollution control measures and community awareness programs, aiming to offer comprehensive insights that inform better policy formulation and targeted public health interventions.
Statement of the Problem
In Ede North, persistent air pollution has led to a growing number of respiratory health issues among inhabitants, indicating a serious public health challenge. The existing measures to control emissions and reduce pollutants appear insufficient, and the health system struggles to address the resultant complications effectively (Eze, 2023). There is a critical need to assess the direct relationship between air quality and respiratory morbidity in this area, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of current mitigation efforts (Okeke, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
To assess the levels of air pollutants in Ede North.
To determine the correlation between air pollution and respiratory illnesses.
To evaluate the effectiveness of current air quality management policies.
Research Questions:
What are the primary sources of air pollution in Ede North?
How does exposure to air pollution affect respiratory health?
What improvements can be made to current pollution control measures?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: Elevated air pollution levels in Ede North are directly linked to increased respiratory health issues.
H2: Current air quality management policies are insufficient in protecting public health.
H3: Enhanced regulatory measures will reduce respiratory illnesses.
Significance of the Study
The study is pivotal in linking air pollution data with public health outcomes, providing evidence for more effective policy interventions. Its findings will guide local authorities in refining air quality standards and health programs, ultimately reducing respiratory morbidity. This work contributes to the global discourse on environmental health and sustainable urban planning (Nwankwo, 2023; Chukwu, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the impact of air pollution on respiratory health in Ede North Local Government Area, Osun State. The focus is confined to ambient air quality and health outcomes, excluding indoor pollution and non-respiratory health effects.
Definitions of Terms:
Air Pollution: The presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere that affect human health and the environment.
Respiratory Health: The state of the respiratory system, including the lungs and airways, in relation to disease and function.
Emissions: Pollutants released into the air from various sources, including vehicles and industrial processes.
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